Screw Pump
Working Principle
A single screw pump consists of a screw rotating inside a liner. Sealed chambers are formed between the screw and the liner. As the screw rotates, these chambers move axially. It's like a "moving small box" that transports the material from the suction end to the discharge end. A twin screw pump, on the other hand, is composed of two intermeshing screws. The change in the space between them and with the pump casing realizes the transportation of the material.
Advantages
Good Adaptability: For highly viscous materials, such as high-concentration syrups, asphalt, and glue, screw pumps can transport them effectively. They can operate at relatively low rotational speeds, avoiding changes in the properties of the materials under high-speed shearing.
Stable Flow Rate: The flow rate of the screw pump is proportional to the rotational speed of the screw. As long as the rotational speed is stable, the flow rate will be very uniform and the pressure fluctuation is small. For example, when transporting high-viscosity polymer solutions in chemical production, it can ensure the stability of the production process.
Strong Self-Priming Ability: It can self-prime without the need for additional priming devices. This is very convenient in some scenarios where highly viscous materials need to be drawn from lower positions, such as extracting high-viscosity paint from the bottom of a storage tank.
Application Scenarios
Chemical Industry: It is used to transport various high-viscosity chemical raw materials, such as rubber solutions, resins, and silicone oil. After the polymerization reaction, high-viscosity polymer products are transported to subsequent processing units.
Food Industry: It transports jams, honey, chocolate paste, etc. For example, on a jam production line, the cooked high-viscosity jam is transported to the filling machine for packaging.
Construction Industry: It transports asphalt, sealant, etc. During road construction, the screw pump can transport the heated asphalt from the storage tank to the paving equipment.
Gear Pump
Working Principle
The gear pump mainly consists of a driving gear and a driven gear. When the gears rotate, the spaces between the gear teeth on the suction side continuously increase, forming a low-pressure area, thus sucking in the material. Then, as the gears rotate, the material between the teeth is carried to the discharge side, and the spaces between the teeth gradually decrease, squeezing out the material.
Advantages
Simple and Compact Structure: It has a relatively small volume and is easy to install, which is very suitable for some equipment with limited space. For example, in small lubricating oil filling equipment, the gear pump can be installed conveniently.
Wide Range of Flow Rate and Pressure: It can achieve different flow rate and pressure outputs according to different gear sizes and rotational speeds. It can be used in some scenarios where high-viscosity materials need to be transported under relatively high pressure, such as transporting high-viscosity hydraulic oil in a hydraulic system.
Certain Tolerance to Impurities: Compared with some precision pumps, the gear pump can handle high-viscosity materials containing small particle impurities to a certain extent. However, too many impurities will also affect its normal operation.
Application Scenarios
Petroleum Industry: It is used to transport crude oil, heavy oil, lubricating oil, etc. In a refinery, crude oil is transported from the storage tank to different processing devices, or lubricating oil is transported to the lubrication systems of mechanical equipment.
Mechanical Industry: In the lubrication systems of various mechanical equipment, it provides high-viscosity grease or lubricating oil for components such as bearings and gears.
Cam Rotor Pump
Working Principle
There are a pair of synchronously rotating rotors in the pump cavity of the cam rotor pump, and the shape of the rotors is similar to cams. When the rotors rotate, the space formed between the rotors and the pump casing will change periodically. On the suction side, the space increases and the material is sucked in; on the discharge side, the space decreases and the material is discharged.
Advantages
Ability to Handle Complex Materials: It can transport highly viscous materials containing solid particles. For example, in sewage treatment, for high-viscosity sludge containing sludge particles, the cam rotor pump can transport it effectively.
Stable Flow Rate and Pressure: During the transportation process, the flow rate and pressure fluctuations are relatively small, which can ensure a stable transportation effect. This is very important for the transportation of some highly viscous materials with high requirements for flow rate and pressure accuracy, such as transporting high-viscosity fruit pulp in food processing.
Low Shear Force: It exerts a relatively small shear force on the materials and is suitable for transporting some highly viscous materials that are sensitive to shear, such as ointments containing active ingredients.
Application Scenarios
Environmental Protection Industry: It is used to transport sewage sludge, landfill leachate, etc. In a sludge treatment plant, the sludge is transported from the sedimentation tank to the sludge dewatering equipment.
Pharmaceutical Industry: It transports ointments, medicinal slurries, syrups, etc. In a pharmaceutical workshop, the high-viscosity ointment is transported from the reaction kettle to the filling machine.
Agricultural Industry: It transports fertilizer slurries, pesticide slurries, etc. During the production of chemical fertilizers and the preparation of pesticides, the high-viscosity products are transported to storage containers or packaging equipment.
Plunger Pump
Working Principle
The plunger pump mainly realizes the transportation of materials through the reciprocating motion of the plunger in the cylinder block. When the plunger moves backward (suction stroke), the volume inside the cylinder block increases, forming a negative pressure to suck in the material. When the plunger moves forward (discharge stroke), the volume inside the cylinder block decreases and the material is discharged.
Advantages
High-Pressure Transportation Capacity: It can generate relatively high pressure and is suitable for transporting highly viscous materials over long distances or when it is necessary to overcome large resistance. For example, in the mining industry, it transports high-viscosity ore slurry.
Convenient Flow Rate Adjustment: The flow rate can be adjusted by changing the stroke or reciprocating frequency of the plunger, enabling flexible control of the material transportation volume according to actual needs.
High Precision: It has relatively high precision in controlling the flow rate and pressure, which is advantageous in the transportation of some highly viscous materials that require precise metering, such as transporting high-viscosity reagents in chemical experiments.
Application Scenarios
Mining Industry: It transports ore slurry, tailings slurry, etc. In a dressing plant, the high-viscosity ore slurry containing ore particles is transported to the flotation equipment or the tailings pond.
Chemical Industry: It is used to transport high-viscosity chemical raw materials and finished products, such as certain high-concentration chemical reagents and mother liquors of chemical products. During the chemical reaction process, the high-viscosity reactants are transported to the reaction vessel, or the reacted products are transported to the storage equipment.
Peristaltic Pump
Working Principle
The elastic hose is squeezed by rollers or pressure blocks to create a negative pressure inside the hose for sucking in liquid. Then, as the rollers or pressure blocks move, the liquid is pushed out.
Advantages
Good Sealing Performance: It can effectively prevent material leakage and contamination, which is very important for some highly viscous materials that cannot be mixed with impurities, such as high-purity pharmaceutical syrups.
Low Shear Force: It exerts a relatively small shear force on the materials and is suitable for transporting highly viscous materials containing sensitive ingredients. For example, in biopharmaceutical production, it transports high-viscosity agents containing active proteins.
Easy to Clean: Only the hose needs to be replaced or cleaned. When transporting different kinds of highly viscous materials, it is easy to clean and change materials.
Application Scenarios
Pharmaceutical Industry: It is used to transport high-viscosity agents, syrups, etc. During the drug filling process, high-viscosity cough syrups, antipyretic slurries, etc. are transported to the filling equipment.
Food and Beverage Industry: It transports high-viscosity food additives, concentrated fruit juices, etc. In beverage production, the high-viscosity concentrated fruit juice is transported to the blending equipment.
